Managing late drilled wheat crops

With delayed drilling of wheat crops come two issues. Firstly the soil state as a growth medium is poorer. Soil temperature drops by approximately 2 degrees/month and saturated soils clearly have less air spaces, reducing growth rates and nutrient availability. Secondly over four weeks of the growth period has been lost. The latter is crucial as the fundamental for yield attainment is crop biomass (50% of this will go into yield).

Crop biomass development is crucial for yield

One of the key components to achieving high biomass crops in May, June and July is the management of the early foundation stage of crop development. A Yara crop nutrition strategy can be used as a remedy, helping to recover some of the lost yield potential. Such a strategy requires a combination of actions to increase early spring growth rates, involving fertilizer and foliar applied nutrients. When the soils start to warm up, and reach 5 degrees C crops will begin to grow again, however the nutrients (N,P,K,S) will be at their lowest availability, especially in the rooting zone. The first spring management action is to apply an appropriate fertilizer (late February) to meet this nutrient demand. The phosphate source is particularly important and needs to be one that is NOT immediately ‘locked up’ (TSP, MAP, DAP based fertilizers), and gives season long, continuous supply (YaraMila with P-Extend).

Coincident with this application a foliar phosphate e.g. YaraVita Magphos K (NOT phosphite) should be applied to the growing crop to give it a ‘boost’ of energy, accelerating the early spring growth.

Higher nitrogen rates help recover lost biomass

The second spring management action should be to apply a higher nitrogen rate at this first timing. Higher nitrogen rates give faster leaf and tiller development to recover the biomass lost. None of these actions need to add extra applications as a uniform NPKS compound can be selected, and the foliar application can made in a tank mix with other crop protection applications.